Abstract

ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND:
The hematological malignancies are clonal diseases that derive from a single cell in the marrow or peripheral lymphoid tissue that has undergone genetic alteration; they represent approximately 7% of all malignant diseases.
OBJECTIVE:
Assessment for the frequency of the hematological neoplasia diagnosed by bone marrow morphology in adults patients attending Medical City-Baghdad.
PAT IENTS AND METHODS:
This is a retrospective cross sectional study carried out in Teaching Laboratories of Medical City-Baghdad during the period from 1/1/2017 to 1/1/2018. All the cases of hematological neoplasia were diagnosed by the morphology of peripheral blood, bone marrow aspirate and /or biopsy were included in the study.
RESULTS:
Out of 2266 bone marrow examinations carried out in 2017 year, 570 patients (25%) were diagnosed as Hematological Neoplasia and included in the study; The frequency of HN was as follow: Acute Myeloid Leukemia:19.3% , Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma: 15.7 %, Acute Leukemia (unclassified morphologically):15.6%, Multiple Myeloma: 14%, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia:10.3%, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia:4.5%, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: 4.4%, Myeloproliferative Neoplasia: 4.2%, Lymphoproliferative Disorders:3.3%, Primary Myelofibrosis: 2.6%, Essential Thrombocythemia: 1.9%, Hairy Cell Leukemia:1.7% ,Myelodysplastic Syndrome:1.2%, Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia: 0.5%, Plasma Cell Leukemia: 0.4%; 489 (86%) patients were diagnosed by bone marrow aspirates while 81(14%) patients were diagnosed by bone marrow biopsy.
CONCLUSION:
The most common hematological neoplasia was Acute Myeloid Leukemia followed by Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma while the least was Plasma Cell Leukemia. Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia presented at lower age than other hematological neoplasias. The majority of hematological malignancies were diagnosed by bone marrow aspirates.
KEYWORDS: Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia