REFERENCES:
1. Edvardsen T, Helle-Valle T, Smiseth OA. Systolic dysfunction in heart failure with normal ejection fraction: speckle-tracking echocardiography. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2006;49(3):207–14.
2. Ballo P, Quatrini I, Giacomin E, Motto A, Mondillo S. Circumferential versus longitudinal systolic function in patients with hypertension: a nonlinear relation. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2007;20(3):298–306.
3. Cikes M, Sutherland GR, Anderson LJ, Bijnens BH. The role of echocardiographic deformation imaging in hypertrophic myopathies. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2010;7(7):384.
4. Lang RM, Badano LP, Mor-Avi V, Afilalo J, Armstrong A, Ernande L, et al. Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: An update from the American society of echocardiography and the European association of cardiovascular imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;
5. Parikh JD, Hollingsworth KG, Wallace D, Blamire AM, MacGowan GA. Left ventricular functional, structural and energetic effects of normal aging: Comparison with hypertension. PLoS One. 2017;
6. Ayoub AM, Keddeas VW, Ali YA, El Okl RA. Subclinical LV dysfunction detection using speckle tracking echocardiography in hypertensive patients with preserved LV ejection fraction. Clin Med Insights Cardiol. 2016;
7. Natori S, Lai S, Finn JP, Gomes AS, Hundley WG, Jerosch-Herold M, et al. Cardiovascular function in multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis: normal values by age, sex, and ethnicity. Am J Roentgenol. 2006;186(6_supplement_2):S357–65.
8. Cuspidi C, Sala C, Negri F, Mancia G, Morganti A, Hypertension on behalf of the IS of. Prevalence of left-ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension: an updated review of echocardiographic studies. J Hum Hypertens [Internet]. 2012;26(6):343–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2011.104
9. Narayanan A, Aurigemma GP, Chinali M, Hill JC, Meyer TE, Tighe DA. Cardiac mechanics in mild hypertensive heart disease: a speckle-strain imaging study. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2(5):382–90.
10. Qureshi AE, Ullah N, Chaudhary FA. MITRAL ANNULAR PLANE SYSTOLIC EXCURSION (MAPSE). Prof Med J. 2018;25(11):1622–6.
11. Willenheimer R, Cline C, Erhardt L, Israelsson B. Left ventricular atrioventricular plane displacement: an echocardiographic technique for rapid assessment of prognosis in heart failure. Heart. 1997;78(3):230–6.
12. Elnoamany MF, Abdelhameed AK. Mitral annular motion as a surrogate for left ventricular function: correlation with brain natriuretic peptide levels. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2006;7(3):187–98.
13. Mogelvang R, Sogaard P, Pedersen SA, Olsen NT, Schnohr P, Jensen JS. Tissue Doppler echocardiography in persons with hypertension, diabetes, or ischaemic heart disease: the Copenhagen City Heart Study. Eur Heart J. 2009;30(6):731–9.
14. Khorshid H, Wadeea B, Sabry E. Correlation of mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) and tissue Doppler peak systolic velocity with left ventricular systolic function. J Cardiol Curr Res. 2017;10(1):349.