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Trends in Neonatal Mortality Rates in Iraq During the Period of 2008-2017

    Authors

    1 Ministry of Health / Public Health Directorate / Communicable Diseases Control Center

    2 Al-Mustansiriyah University/ College of Medicine, Baghdad. Iraq

,

Document Type : Research Paper

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Neonatal mortality is mainly caused by infections, birth asphyxia and pneumonia (developing nations). Determinants included socioeconomic-demographic factors, healthcare system and culture. Risk factors: low birth weight, prematurity, insufficient antenatal care, repeated caesarian deliveries. Limited neonatal deaths research in Iraq justified this study.
AIM OF THE STUDY:
Describe and plot the neonatal mortality trend during the period of 2008-2017, and finding relation with key determinants and risk factors.
METHODS:
 Retrospective software and hardcopy neonatal medical records review & analysis (February-June 2019) in MOH, Central Statistical Organization, Baghdad's Health directorates, International Health Organizations, & 2-3 conveniently selected hospitals in health directorate. Records studied: Annual Statistical Reports, "Neonatal deaths Statistics Form", "Born", admission files, intensive care units' logbooks, death certificates, international organizations’ estimates & Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys.
RESULTS:
Highest mortality rate was in West region 2015 (18.38/1000), lowest in east 2014 (3.78/1000) excluding Kurdistan; the decline during 2014-2015. Highest admission deaths: males (57.8%), cesarean deliveries (52%), extreme low birth weight (8.5%), preterm (71.2%), >31 years (20.2%). Top death cause: Respiratory distress syndrome (51.9%), & late death: sepsis (33.36%).
CONCLUSION:
Mortality rate declined to lowest in 2014, followed by a rise attributed to increased registration; highest in west 2015, lowest in east 2014. Respiratory distress & sepsis were the most common causes. Most deaths in: preterm neonates, males, extremely low birth weight, operative deliveries & >31 years maternal age.

Keywords

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Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal
Volume 20, Issue 3
July 2021
Page 262-269
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