Abstract

ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND:
Renal cell carcinoma is the third most common cancer of genitourinary tract and account for approximately 2-3% of all cancer death. Conventional clear cell carcinoma comprises 75% of all renal cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical had greatly improved the diagnostic accuracy of renal cell carcinoma.
AIM OF STUDY:
Evaluation of the expression of  PAX-8 & Carbonic anhydrase IX in randomly selected samples from Iraqi patients who have RCC and correlate their expression with the clinicopathological variables.
PATIENTS &METHODS:
This is a retrospective study of 40 patients who were diagnosed to have renal cell carcinoma, CAIX & PAX-8 markers to be applied to the tumor tissue sections.
The results will be evaluated & correlated with the tumor grade, stage & other clinicopathological features.
RESULTS:
The present study showed that twenty five of cases(62.5%) were conventional clear cell RCC while fifteen of cases (37.5%) were non clear cell RCC. Five of cases (12.5%) were grade 1, twenty three of cases (57.5%) were grade 2, ten of cases (25%) were grade 3 and two of cases (5%) were grade 4. Eighteen of cases (45%) were stage I, seven of cases (17.5%) were stage II and fifteen of cases (37.5%) were stage III. The high expression of CAIX was presented in 71.0% of cases while the low expression was presented in 29.0% of cases, While the PAX-8 expression showed 22.5% of cases were score 0, 20% of cases were score 1, 25% of cases were score 2 and 32.5% of cases were score 3.
CONCLUSION:
Higher expression level of CAIX and PAX-8 in clear cell RCC than in non-clear cell type RCC so aid  in differential diagnosis of RCC subtypes. PAX-8 expression was decreases with high nuclear grade while decrease CAIX levels are independently associated with advanced stage. There was no significant correlation between pax-8 &CAIX and clinicopathological variables as age and sex.