Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Key features such as hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinemia, and obesity can affect bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover. Vitamin D is linked to reproductive health, metabolic changes, and mental well-being in PCOS patients.

Objectives: To assess the relationship between vitamin D, CTX (C-Telopeptide of type 1 collagen), and testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

Patients and methods: This comparative cross-sectional study included 78 women with PCOS and 82 healthy controls. Serum testosterone and vitamin D levels were measured using a COBAS® e411 analyzer, while CTX levels were quantified using an ELISA sandwich kit.

Results: Women with PCOS had significantly higher weight, BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio compared to controls. Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the PCOS group, though there was no correlation with serum testosterone or CTX levels. However, women with deficient vitamin D showed significantly higher CTX and testosterone levels compared to those with sufficient or insufficient vitamin D. Both CTX and testosterone were notably elevated in women with PCOS compared to healthy controls.

Conclusions: Vitamin D levels are lower in Iraqi women with PCOS, highlighting the importance of vitamin D supplementation in their treatment. Elevated CTX levels suggest a higher risk for bone disease in PCOS patients.