Abstract

ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND:
Type 1 diabetes is a multifactorial disease caused by a complex interaction of genetics and environmental factors. The Genetics factors involved consist of multiple susceptibility genes such as protein tyrosine phosphoatase nonreceptor 22, which have been associated with T1DM in different populations. Recent studies showed a genetic variation within protein tyrosine phosphoatase nonreceptor 22 gene to be an additional risk factor.
OBJECTIVE:
To analyze the genetic association between protein tyrosine phosphoatase nonreceptor 22 and type 1 diabetes mellitus in some Iraqi population and correlation of Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and interleukin -2 receptor with type 1 diabetes.
METHODS:
A total of 50 type 1 diabetes patients from diabetes center were genotyped for protein tyrosine phosphoatase nonreceptor 22 genes by using an restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Level of Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and interleukin -2 receptor were determined using enzyme linked immunoassays.
RESULTS:
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies were a highly significant increase (P<0.0001) in type 1 diabetes patients as compared with healthy control group. Circulating levels interleukin -2 receptor were highly significant in diabetic patients than healthy subjects (P<0.001). The frequency of protein tyrosine phosphoatase nonreceptor 2 gene among the 50 patients [ CT (33%) , TT(4%) , CT and TT (37%] compared with healthy control [ CT (18%) TT(1%), CT and TT (4%)], while the percentage of T allele of patients (21%) and healthy control ( 10%). In addition, the protein tyrosine phosphoatase nonreceptor 2 genotype was significantly associated with Glutamic acid decarboxylase positivity (CT- 19%, CT and TT -24%).
CONCLUSION:
Strong association between protein tyrosine phosphoatase nonreceptor 2 gene and diabetes type 1. In addition,The protein tyrosine phosphoatase nonreceptor 22 genes were associated with Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies